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What are the downsides of hydrogen combustion engines?
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Hydrogen combustion engines are seriously challenged by their emissions, the main being NOx from high-temperature reactions, thus giving rise to an air quality issue. Due to hydrogen’s low energy density, it is necessary to use large, high-pressure tanks which are not only space-consuming but also take away from the cargo and payload. The efficiency is pretty low at 20-40%, just like gasoline engines, thus wasting a lot of energy. Most of the time, hydrogen production is done using fossil fuels which, in fact, impacts negatively on the environment as the green benefits are not realized. Besides that, the storage of hydrogen poses the problem of leaks and embrittlement of metal parts, which in its turn complicates durability. Also read https://advisorwheels.com/bmw-new-patent-hydrogen-powered-engine/
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